The pneumococcal vaccine protects against a bacterium called Streptococcus pneumoniae, which can cause a range of serious infections, including pneumonia, meningitis, and septicaemia. While some groups receive it routinely on the NHS, many adults and travellers are unaware they may benefit from vaccination. At King’s Pharmacy in Birmingham, our team offers expert vaccination advice and a convenient service for those who need it. Find out more about our Birmingham travel vaccination service or contact us today to book a consultation.
What Is the Pneumococcal Vaccine and What Does It Protect Against?
The pneumococcal vaccine protects against infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, commonly known as pneumococcus. This bacterium is responsible for several potentially life-threatening conditions, including pneumonia, bacterial meningitis, septicaemia (blood poisoning), and otitis media (middle ear infection). In vulnerable groups such as older adults, young children, and those with a weakened immune system, these infections can be severe and difficult to treat, particularly if the strain involved is antibiotic-resistant.
There are two types of pneumococcal vaccines used in the UK. The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) covers 23 strains of the bacterium and is used for adults and older children. The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is used in the childhood immunisation programme and offers protection against a more targeted range of strains with a stronger immune response in young children. The NHS provides detailed guidance on pneumococcal vaccination, including who is eligible for each type.
Who Should Get the Pneumococcal Vaccine?
The pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for a range of groups in the UK, either through the NHS routine programme or as a recommended additional vaccination. The table below outlines the main groups who should consider it.
| Group | Why It Is Recommended | NHS or Private |
|---|---|---|
| Babies as part of the routine schedule | High susceptibility in early life | NHS |
| Adults aged 65 and over | Increased risk of serious pneumococcal disease with age | NHS |
| People with a chronic health condition | Conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and kidney disease raise the risk | NHS |
| People without a spleen or with splenic dysfunction | The spleen plays a key role in fighting pneumococcal infection | NHS |
| Immunocompromised individuals | Reduced ability to fight serious bacterial infections | NHS |
| Travellers to high-risk regions | Higher prevalence and potential for antibiotic-resistant strains abroad | Private via King’s Pharmacy |
How the Pneumococcal Vaccine Links to Meningitis Prevention
One of the most serious conditions caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is bacterial meningitis. The pneumococcal vaccine reduces the risk of this particular form of meningitis, which can cause permanent disability or be fatal if not treated promptly. It is important to understand, however, that the pneumococcal vaccine does not protect against all causes of bacterial meningitis. Other vaccines, such as the meningitis B vaccine, cover different strains of the bacterium responsible for meningococcal disease. Read our guide on the meningitis B vaccine for more information on how comprehensive meningitis protection works.
What Are the Side Effects of the Pneumococcal Vaccine?
The pneumococcal vaccine is well-tolerated by most people. Common side effects are mild and short-lived, and serious reactions are rare. Here is what to expect after receiving the vaccine:
- Soreness or redness at the injection site. This is the most commonly reported side effect and typically settles within one to two days.
- Mild fever. A low-grade temperature may develop in the hours following vaccination and usually resolves within 24 hours.
- Fatigue or general tiredness. Some people feel slightly more tired than usual for a day or two after the vaccine.
- Swelling or hardness at the injection site. This is normal and does not require treatment in most cases.
- Rarely, a more significant local reaction. In some individuals, particularly those who have received multiple doses, a more pronounced swelling may develop at the site. Speak to a pharmacist or GP if this causes significant concern.
Pneumococcal Vaccine and Winter Health: Staying Protected
Pneumococcal infections are more common in winter months, when respiratory infections circulate more widely, and the immune system is under greater strain. Combining your pneumococcal vaccination with other winter vaccines is a practical way to reduce your overall risk of serious illness during the colder months. Read our guide on winter vaccines for a full overview of the vaccinations recommended ahead of the winter season.
At King’s Pharmacy, our team can advise on which vaccines are appropriate for your age, health status, and any upcoming travel, and arrange them efficiently in a single visit where possible.
Book Your Pneumococcal Vaccine at King’s Pharmacy Birmingham
Whether you are approaching 65, managing a long-term health condition, or planning travel to a region where pneumococcal disease is more prevalent, our vaccination team at King’s Pharmacy is here to help. We will assess your individual risk, confirm which vaccine is appropriate for you, and administer it in a safe, comfortable setting.
Find out more about our Birmingham travel vaccination service or contact the King’s Pharmacy team today to book your appointment.
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Frequently Asked Questions About the Pneumococcal Vaccine
Do I need the pneumococcal vaccine if I had it years ago?
For most healthy adults, a single dose of the PPV23 pneumococcal vaccine provides long-lasting protection, and a repeat dose is not routinely recommended. However, people in higher-risk groups, such as those without a spleen or with a significantly weakened immune system, may be advised to have a repeat dose after five years. Speak to our team at King’s Pharmacy or your GP to confirm whether a booster is appropriate for your circumstances.
Can I have the pneumococcal vaccine at the same time as the flu jab?
Yes. The pneumococcal vaccine can be given at the same time as the flu vaccine without any reduction in effectiveness or increase in side effects. Many eligible patients choose to have both at the same appointment, particularly in the autumn ahead of the winter season. Our team at King’s Pharmacy can arrange both vaccinations in a single visit where appropriate.
Is the pneumococcal vaccine the same as the pneumonia vaccine?
Yes, the terms are often used interchangeably. The pneumococcal vaccine protects against infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, one of the most common bacterial causes of pneumonia. It does not protect against all causes of pneumonia, as the condition can also be caused by viruses, other bacteria, and fungi. However, it provides meaningful protection against the bacterial strains most likely to cause serious illness.
Is the pneumococcal vaccine available for free on the NHS?
Yes, for eligible groups. The pneumococcal vaccine is available free on the NHS for babies as part of the routine immunisation schedule, adults aged 65 and over, and people with certain long-term health conditions. If you do not fall into one of these groups but would like the vaccine, for example, ahead of travel or as an additional precaution, it is available privately at King’s Pharmacy. Contact our team for current pricing and availability.
Does the pneumococcal vaccine protect against COVID-19 or other viruses?
No. The pneumococcal vaccine protects only against infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. It does not provide protection against COVID-19, influenza, RSV, or any other viral infections. However, because bacterial pneumonia can sometimes develop as a complication following a viral respiratory infection, being vaccinated against pneumococcal disease can reduce the risk of a secondary bacterial infection following illnesses such as the flu.